Last data update: May 06, 2024. (Total: 46732 publications since 2009)
Records 1-3 (of 3 Records) |
Query Trace: Abdad MY[original query] |
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Diarrhoeal disease surveillance in Papua New Guinea: findings and challenges
Abdad MY , Soli KW , Pham B , Bande G , Maure T , Jonduo M , Kisa D , Rai G , Phuanukoonnon S , Siba PM , Horwood PF , Greenhill AR . Western Pac Surveill Response J 2020 11 (1) 7-12 Diarrhoeal diseases are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the Western Pacific Region. However, data on the major causes of infectious diarrhoea are limited in many countries within the Region, including Papua New Guinea. In 2013-2014, we conducted surveillance for acute diarrhoeal illness in four provinces in Papua New Guinea. One rural health clinic from each province participated in the surveillance activity. Samples were sent to central laboratories and batch analysed for bacterial and viral gastrointestinal pathogens that are commonly associated with diarrhoea. Across the four sites, the most commonly detected pathogens were Shigella spp., Campylobacter spp. and rotavirus. In this paper, we report the results of the surveillance activity and the challenges that we faced. The lessons learnt may be applicable to other parts of the Region with a similar socioeconomic status. |
Trachoma, anti-Pgp3 serology and ocular Chlamydia trachomatis infection in Papua New Guinea
Macleod CK , Butcher R , Javati S , Gwyn S , Jonduo M , Abdad MY , Roberts CH , Keys D , Koim SP , Ko R , Garap J , Pahau D , Houinei W , Martin DL , Pomat WS , Solomon AW . Clin Infect Dis 2020 72 (3) 423-430 BACKGROUND: In Melanesia, the prevalence of trachomatous inflammation-follicular (TF) suggests public health-level interventions against active trachoma are needed. However, the prevalence of trachomatous trichiasis (TT) is below the threshold for elimination as a public health problem and evidence of conjunctival infection with trachoma's causative organism (Chlamydia trachomatis, Ct) is rare. Here, we examine the prevalence of ocular infection with Ct and previous exposure to Ct in three districts of Papua New Guinea. METHODS: All individuals aged 1-9 years who were examined for clinical signs of trachoma in three Global Trachoma Mapping Project evaluation units (EUs) were eligble to take part in this study (n=3181). Conjuntival swabs were collected from 349 children with TF and tested by PCR to assess for ocular Ct infection. Dried blood spots were collected from 2572 children and tested for anti-Pgp3 antibodies using a multiplex assay. RESULTS: The proportion of children with TF who had Ct infection was low across all three EUs (overall 2%). Anti-Pgp3 seroprevalence was 5.2% overall and there was no association between anti-Pgp3 antibody level and presence of TF. In two EUs, age-specific seroprevalence did not increase significantly with increasing age in the 1-9-year-old population. In the third EU, there was a statistically significant change with age but the overall seroprevalence and peak age-secific seroprevalence was very low. CONCLUSION: Based on these results, together with similar findings from the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu, the use of TF to guide antibiotic mass drug administration decisions in Melanesia should be reviewed. |
Update on tick-borne rickettsioses around the world: a geographic approach
Parola P , Paddock CD , Socolovschi C , Labruna MB , Mediannikov O , Kernif T , Abdad MY , Stenos J , Bitam I , Fournier PE , Raoult D . Clin Microbiol Rev 2013 26 (4) 657-702 Tick-borne rickettsioses are caused by obligate intracellular bacteria belonging to the spotted fever group of the genus Rickettsia. These zoonoses are among the oldest known vector-borne diseases. However, in the past 25 years, the scope and importance of the recognized tick-associated rickettsial pathogens have increased dramatically, making this complex of diseases an ideal paradigm for the understanding of emerging and reemerging infections. Several species of tick-borne rickettsiae that were considered nonpathogenic for decades are now associated with human infections, and novel Rickettsia species of undetermined pathogenicity continue to be detected in or isolated from ticks around the world. This remarkable expansion of information has been driven largely by the use of molecular techniques that have facilitated the identification of novel and previously recognized rickettsiae in ticks. New approaches, such as swabbing of eschars to obtain material to be tested by PCR, have emerged in recent years and have played a role in describing emerging tick-borne rickettsioses. Here, we present the current knowledge on tick-borne rickettsiae and rickettsioses using a geographic approach toward the epidemiology of these diseases. |
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